Tailpiece
Fitting on string instruments that anchors the strings, opposite the pegs.
What it means
The tailpiece is the component of a string instrument to which the strings are anchored at their lower end, opposite the pegs at the instrument's head. On bowed instruments of the violin family it is a slightly arched piece, usually made of ebony or another hardwood, resting on the top below the bridge.
Musical use
String tension is transmitted to the instrument's body via the tailpiece, so its shape and weight influence the tone color as well. On some instruments, such as the violin, fine tuners are also fitted to it, allowing small adjustments to tuning. The tailpiece is distinct from the bridge, which merely raises the strings above the top and transmits their vibrations, without itself anchoring them.
Performance practice
If you have tuning problems, first check whether the fine tuners on the tailpiece still have enough travel before making coarser adjustments at the pegs, since fine corrections are more precise there.