How to work with fretboard training
The module shows a position on the guitar fretboard and asks for the note name, or it names a note and has you find the position. It starts within the first five frets and later covers the whole neck up to the twelfth.
Work with the guitar in your hands. The learning effect is far greater if you not only name the note but also fret it and hear it. Without the instrument it stays a memory game; with it, it becomes orientation.
Practise string by string. Spend a week on the low E string alone, then the A string, and so on. Trying to learn all six strings at once almost always ends with none of them secure.
How the fretboard is laid out
Standard guitar tuning is E, A, D, G, B, E from lowest to highest string. Each fret is one semitone. It follows that every note occurs several times on the neck: the note A is found on the A string at the twelfth fret, on the D string at the seventh, on the G string at the second and on the B string at the tenth. Only the last sounds at 440 Hz as A4; the other three sound an octave lower, at 220 Hz.
Between most adjacent strings lies a perfect fourth, that is five frets. The exception is the gap between the G and B strings, a major third, so four frets. That single break is why finger patterns shift by one fret when they cross the B string, and it is the most common source of error when transferring shapes.
From the twelfth fret everything repeats an octave higher. The twelfth fret is the midpoint of the vibrating string and therefore sounds exactly an octave above the open string. Know the first twelve frets and you know the whole fretboard.
From practice
The most effective way in is the landmarks. The inlay dots at the third, fifth, seventh and ninth frets are not decoration but markers. Fix the notes at those four positions on all six strings and you have a grid from which everything else is reachable within one or two frets.
An exercise worth repeating regularly: find a single note, say C, in every possible place up to the twelfth fret and play them from low to high. It takes two minutes at first and ten seconds after two weeks. After that the note is there permanently.
Connect fretboard knowledge to chords. If you know where the roots sit on the E and A strings, you can place barre chords deliberately instead of shifting shapes and hoping. That is exactly the point where finger knowledge turns into musical understanding.
Common mistakes
The most frequent mistake is forgetting the G–B shift. Patterns that work on the lower four strings have to move up one fret when they cross to the B string. Ignore that and you will reliably play a semitone off.
The second mistake is learning chord shapes without note names. You can grip chords for years without knowing which notes you are playing. That works until you have to transpose, improvise or talk to other musicians.
The third mistake is practising only in first position. The higher positions feel unfamiliar and therefore get avoided, which keeps them unfamiliar. Set yourself questions above the seventh fret deliberately, even if it feels harder at first.